Practice Questions
Concept Explanation
Profit/Loss DS items ask whether cost price (CP), selling price (SP), or profit percent can be found uniquely.
Standard Answer Choices
- A — Statement I alone is sufficient; Statement II alone is not.
- B — Statement II alone is sufficient; Statement I alone is not.
- C — Both together are sufficient, neither alone.
- D — Either statement alone is sufficient.
- E — Neither alone nor together is sufficient.
Profit/Loss DS Focus
Profit = SP − CP; Profit % = (Profit/CP) × 100. Always identify which price is the base.
Common Traps in Profit/Loss Problems
- Computing profit percent on SP instead of CP.
- Mixing marked price, discount, and CP in one step.
- Assuming CP when only SP and profit amount are given without relation.
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Q1 Easy
CP = Rs. 500, SP = Rs. 600. Profit is:
ExplanationProfit = 600 − 500 = Rs. 100. -
Q2 Easy
CP = Rs. 800, SP = Rs. 720. Loss is:
ExplanationLoss = 800 − 720 = Rs. 80. -
Q3 Easy
Profit of Rs. 50 on CP Rs. 200 gives profit percent:
Explanation(50/200) × 100 = 25%. -
Q4 Medium
Loss of Rs. 40 on CP Rs. 320 gives loss percent:
Explanation(40/320) × 100 = 12.5%. -
Q5 Medium
An article bought for Rs. 450 is sold at 20% profit. SP is:
ExplanationSP = 450 × 1.20 = Rs. 540. -
Q6 Medium
For “What is CP?” — I: SP = Rs. 600; II: Profit = Rs. 100. DS answer?
ExplanationCP = SP − Profit = 500. Need both. -
Q7 Easy
Marked price Rs. 1,000 with 10% discount. SP is:
ExplanationSP = 1000 × 0.90 = Rs. 900.
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Q8 Hard
If SP = Rs. 575 and profit is 15% on CP, CP is:
Explanation575 = 1.15 × CP ⇒ CP = 500. -
Q9 Hard
Two articles each CP Rs. 100: one sold at 20% profit, other at 20% loss. Net result is:
ExplanationSPs: 120 and 80; total SP = 200 = total CP. -
Q10 Medium
For “What is profit percent?” — I: CP = Rs. 400; II: SP = Rs. 460. DS answer?
ExplanationProfit % = (60/400) × 100 = 15%. Need both CP and SP. -
Q11 Hard
A trader gains Rs. 84 by selling at 12% profit. CP is:
Explanation0.12 × CP = 84 ⇒ CP = 700. -
Q12 Medium
Selling at Rs. 540 gives 10% loss. CP is:
Explanation540 = 0.90 × CP ⇒ CP = 600. -
Q13 Easy
For “Is there a profit?” — I: SP > CP; II: Profit amount is positive. DS answer?
ExplanationEach statement alone confirms profit. -
Q14 Medium
If CP is Rs. 250 and loss percent is 12%, SP is:
ExplanationSP = 250 × 0.88 = Rs. 220.
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DS1 Easy
What is the cost price?
Statement IThe selling price is Rs. 600.
Statement IIThe profit is Rs. 100.
ExplanationCP = SP − Profit = 500. Need both. -
DS2 Medium
What is the profit percent?
Statement ICost price is Rs. 400.
Statement IISelling price is Rs. 460.
ExplanationProfit % = (60/400) × 100 = 15%. Need both CP and SP.
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DS3 Easy
What is the selling price?
Statement ICost price is Rs. 500.
Statement IIProfit percent on CP is 20%.
ExplanationSP = 500 × 1.20 = 600. Need both CP and rate. -
DS4 Easy
What is the loss amount?
Statement ICost price is Rs. 800.
Statement IIThe article was sold at Rs. 720.
ExplanationLoss = 800 − 720 = 80. Need both prices.